centos7单机安装多个mysql8.0

一:上传 #

下载地址：https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
上传mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz到服务器指定文件夹，如：/home/mysql

二:解压 #

cd /home/mysql
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

三:重命名文件夹 #

mv mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql3306

四:新建mysql用户、mysql用户组 #

cd /home/mysql/mysql3306

#新建mysql用户、mysql用户组，如果之前已经建立过，就不用建立了
groupadd mysql

#给mysql添加用户为 mysql
useradd mysql -g mysql

五:在mysql3306下新增文件夹data，var，tmp，binlogs，logs备用 #

cd /home/mysql/mysql3306
mkdir data var tmp binlogs logs

chmod 777 ./tmp
chmod 777 ./logs

cd /home/mysql/mysql3306/logs
touch error.log

六:在/home/mysql/mysql3306/etc下创建数据库配置文件 #

cd /home/mysql/mysql3306
mkdir etc

cd /home/mysql/mysql3306/etc
touch my.cnf
vim my.cnf

# my.cnf内容如下：

[mysqld]
port = 3306
basedir = /home/mysql/mysql3306
datadir = /home/mysql/mysql3306/data
socket = /home/mysql/mysql3306/tmp/mysql.sock

max_connections = 1000
max_user_connections = 500
wait_timeout = 200
default-time-zone = '+8:00'
thread_cache_size = 64
max_connect_errors = 10000

server_id = 1 # backup上设置为2、3，主从复制时使用
log-bin = /home/mysql/mysql3306/binlogs/mysql-bin
log-bin-index = /home/mysql/mysql3306/binlogs/mysql-bin.index
binlog-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema #忽略写入binlogs日志的库
auto-increment-increment = 1 #字段变化增量值
auto-increment-offset = 1 #初始字段ID为1
slave-skip-errors = all #忽略所有复制产生的错误
sync_binlog = 1 #设置为1，是最安全但是性能损耗最大

[client]
socket = /home/mysql/mysql3306/tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld_safe]
log-error = /home/mysql/mysql3306/logs/error.log
pid-file = /home/mysql/mysql3306/mysql.pid

七:升级依赖 #

yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses ncurses-devel libaio-devel

八:在mysql3306文件夹下面执行，一定要记录最后生成的初始密码 #

cd /home/mysql/mysql3306
./bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mysql/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf --initialize --user=mysql
./bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/home/mysql/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql &

九:将support-files下的mysql.server文件内容修改成如下内容： #

cd support-files
vim mysql.server

#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind

# MySQL daemon start/stop script.

# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.

# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.

# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start:  2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MySQL
# Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO
 
# If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr/local/mysql, then you
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
#
# - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory
# - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
#   [mysqld]
#   basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
# - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
#   and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
#   below.
#
# If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files.

# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

# 1.这些路径根据实际路径修改
basedir=/home/mysql/mysql3306
datadir=/home/mysql/mysql3306/data
conf=/home/mysql/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf

# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start. 
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. 
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900

# Lock directory for RedHat / SuSE.
lockdir='/var/lock/subsys'
lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql"

# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.

# Set some defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=
if test -z "$basedir"
then
  basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  fi
  sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=

#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
  . $lsb_functions
else
  log_success_msg()
  {
    echo " SUCCESS! $@"
  }
  log_failure_msg()
  {
    echo " ERROR! $@"
  }
fi

PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
export PATH

mode=$1    # start or stop

[ $# -ge 1 ] && shift


other_args="$*"   # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action
           # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables"
           # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility
           # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only.

case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
    *c*,-n*) echo_n=   echo_c=     ;;
    *c*,*)   echo_n=-n echo_c=     ;;
    *)       echo_n=   echo_c='\c' ;;
esac

parse_server_arguments() {
  for arg do
    case "$arg" in
      --basedir=*)  basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
                    bindir="$basedir/bin"
		    if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
		      datadir="$basedir/data"
		    fi
		    sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
		    libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
        ;;
      --datadir=*)  datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
		    datadir_set=1
	;;
      --pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
      --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;;
    esac
  done
}

wait_for_pid () {
  verb="$1"           # created | removed
  pid="$2"            # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
  pid_file_path="$3" # path to the PID file.

  i=0
  avoid_race_condition="by checking again"

  while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do

    case "$verb" in
      'created')
        # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence.
        test -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
        ;;
      'removed')
        # wait for this PID-file to disappear
        test ! -s "$pid_file_path" && i='' && break
        ;;
      *)
        echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed pid pid_file_path"
        exit 1
        ;;
    esac

    # if server isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated
    if test -n "$pid"; then
      if kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
        :  # the server still runs
      else
        # The server may have exited between the last pid-file check and now.  
        if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then
          avoid_race_condition=""
          continue  # Check again.
        fi

        # there's nothing that will affect the file.
        log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."
        return 1  # not waiting any more.
      fi
    fi

    echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
    i=`expr $i + 1`
    sleep 1

  done

  if test -z "$i" ; then
    log_success_msg
    return 0
  else
    log_failure_msg
    return 1
  fi
}

# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x "$bindir/my_print_defaults";  then
  print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
else
  # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
    # 2.注释掉conf=/etc/my.cnf
    # conf=/etc/my.cnf
  print_defaults=
  if test -r $conf
  then
    subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$'
    dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf`
    for d in $dirs
    do
      d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ 	]//g'`
      if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
      then
        print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
        break
      fi
    done
  fi

  # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it
  test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi

#
# Read defaults file from 'basedir'.   If there is no defaults file there
# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#

extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
  extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
fi
# 3.添加extra_args="-c $conf"
extra_args="-c $conf"

parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server`

#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
then
  mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/`hostname`.pid
else
  case "$mysqld_pid_file_path" in
    /* ) ;;
    * )  mysqld_pid_file_path="$datadir/$mysqld_pid_file_path" ;;
  esac
fi

case "$mode" in
  'start')
    # Start daemon

    # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
    cd $basedir

    echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL"
    if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
    then
      # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
      # may be overwritten at next upgrade.
      # 4.增加配置
      $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file="$conf" --user=root --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" $other_args >/dev/null &
      wait_for_pid created "$!" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?

      # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -w "$lockdir"
      then
        touch "$lock_file_path"
      fi

      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
    fi
    ;;

  'stop')
    # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
    # root password.

    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
    then
      # signal mysqld_safe that it needs to stop
      touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path.shutdown"

      mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`

      if (kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null)
      then
        echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL"
        kill $mysqld_pid
        # mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.
        wait_for_pid removed "$mysqld_pid" "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"
        rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      fi

      # Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
      if test -f "$lock_file_path"
      then
        rm -f "$lock_file_path"
      fi
      exit $return_value
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL server PID file could not be found!"
    fi
    ;;

  'restart')
    # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
    # running or not, start it again.
    if $0 stop  $other_args; then
      $0 start $other_args
    else
      log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;

  'reload'|'force-reload')
    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
      read mysqld_pid <  "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL"
      touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
    else
      log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!"
      exit 1
    fi
    ;;
  'status')
    # First, check to see if pid file exists
    if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then 
      read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
      if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then 
        log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)"
        exit 0
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists"
        exit 1
      fi
    else
      # Try to find appropriate mysqld process
      mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`

      # test if multiple pids exist
      pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
      if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
        log_failure_msg "Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
        exit 5
      elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then 
        if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then 
          log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"
          exit 2
        fi 
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running"
        exit 3
      else
        log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found"
        exit 4
      fi
    fi
    ;;
    *)
      # usage
      basename=`basename "$0"`
      echo "Usage: $basename  {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}  [ MySQL server options ]"
      exit 1
    ;;
esac

exit 0

十:修改完mysql.serve，在mysql3306文件夹下面执行 #

cd /home/mysql/mysql3306
support-files/mysql.server start
#查看是否已经启动
netstat -ntlp
#将mysql3306加入服务
cp /home/mysql/mysql3306/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql3306
#开机自启
chkconfig --add mysql3306
#显示服务列表，如果3,4,5都是开的就说明是自启设置成功
chkconfig --list
#重启数据库的命令：
/etc/init.d/mysql3306 restart

十一:访问MySql，重置密码 #

#第二个数据库必须使用socket进入，否则默认为第一个数据库。因为配置了全局环境变量
cd /home/mysql/mysql3306/bin/
./mysql -uroot -p -h 127.0.0.1 --socket=../tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306

#输入初始化的密码：a/NRxfzh;87p（上面保存的初始密码）
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'suxia@cc2021!';
flush privileges;

#远程连接用户设置
use mysql;
select 'host' from user where user='root';
update user set host = '%' where user ='root';
flush privileges;
select 'host' from user where user='root';
#退出
exit

十二:开放3306端口 #

#查看firewalld状态，如果是dead状态，即防火墙未开启
systemctl status firewalld
#开启防火墙
systemctl start firewalld
#确认firewalld状态
systemctl status firewalld
#关闭
systemctl stop firewalld

#开放端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

#关闭端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=3306/tcp --permanent  
firewall-cmd --reload

十三:远程同步文件 #

rsync -av -e 'ssh -p 22' /home/mysql/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz root@ip:/home/mysql